1.1 Inspect Your Home for Moisture Damage

Begin with a thorough inspection of your home’s interior and exterior. Look for signs of moisture problems, such as water stains, peeling paint, mold growth, or musty odors.

• Check the basement for signs of water infiltration or dampness.
• Examine walls, ceilings, and attic spaces for moisture or condensation.

1.2 Evaluate Your Building Envelope

The building envelope includes the roof, walls, windows, doors, and foundation. Identify any cracks, gaps, or weak points that may be allowing moisture or air infiltration.

Engage a professional: If you find significant damage, consult a structural engineer or a building expert.

2.1 Grade the Landscape

Ensure the ground around your home slopes away from the foundation. A slope of 6 inches over the first 10 feet is typically recommended to direct water away.

Consider regrading if necessary, and add swales or berms to manage runoff.

2.2 Install or Upgrade Gutters and Downspouts

Ensure gutters are free from debris and extend downspouts at least 4-6 feet away from your home. Add splash blocks or extender pipes to prevent water from pooling.

Tip: Consider installing rain barrels to collect and reuse rainwater, reducing water runoff.

3.1 Exterior Waterproofing Techniques

Apply a waterproof membrane to the outside of foundation walls. Use dimpled drainage boards to direct water to a French drain system.

• Excavate around the foundation if necessary to install the waterproofing layers.
• Ensure the membrane covers the entire foundation wall, from the base to above the soil line.

3.2 Interior Moisture Barriers

For additional protection, use a vapor barrier on the interior foundation walls. This is especially important if your basement will be finished or used as a living space.

4.1 Choose the Right Insulation

Closed-cell spray foam insulation is ideal for basements and attics, providing both an air barrier and moisture resistance. In other areas, use fiberglass or cellulose with a vapor barrier.

4.2 Prevent Thermal Bridging

Thermal bridges occur where there is a break in the insulation, allowing heat to escape. Use continuous insulation to cover studs, corners, and other weak points.

Consider: Using rigid foam insulation on exterior walls to improve overall energy efficiency.

5.1 Install Balanced Ventilation Systems

An energy recovery ventilator (ERV) exchanges indoor and outdoor air while maintaining energy efficiency. This system is crucial for managing humidity levels in New York’s variable climate.

Check: Ensure exhaust fans in kitchens and bathrooms vent to the outside and not into the attic or crawl space.

5.2 Use Dehumidifiers Where Needed

Maintain basement and crawl space humidity levels below 60% with a high-quality dehumidifier. This will prevent mold growth and improve air quality.

6.1 Routine Inspections

Check your home’s exterior for any signs of wear or damage at least twice a year. Pay close attention to the roof, foundation, and siding.

Tip: Schedule annual inspections with a professional to catch problems early.

6.2 Keep Your Gutters Clean

Gutters and downspouts should be cleaned at least twice a year, preferably in the spring and fall. Clogged gutters can cause water to overflow, leading to foundation damage and basement flooding.

Extra Tip: Install gutter guards to minimize debris buildup and make maintenance easier.

6.3 Monitor Indoor Humidity

Use a hygrometer to regularly check the humidity levels in your home. Aim to keep the levels between 30-50% for optimal comfort and to prevent mold growth.

7.1 Repair Leaks and Cracks Right Away

Water damage can quickly escalate. If you notice a leaky pipe, a crack in the foundation, or any sign of moisture infiltration, take action immediately. Ignoring small problems can lead to bigger, more expensive issues.

Use hydraulic cement for quick fixes on small cracks in the foundation, and always investigate the root cause of the leak.

7.2 Replace Aging Materials

Materials like roof shingles, flashing, and window caulking degrade over time. Replacing these materials promptly will maintain your home’s moisture defense system.

Remember: Prevention is always more cost-effective than major repairs caused by water damage.